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Click to add WeChatThe carbon slurry gold extraction process is to enrich and extract gold by adsorbing gold-cyanide complexes in the ore pulp with activated carbon. In the process of gold extraction, the stable operation of the equipment is the basis for ensuring the efficient implementation of the process. As the country's attention to green mine construction and comprehensive resource utilization continues to increase, standardizing the maintenance and maintenance of carbon slurry gold extraction equipment will not only help improve gold production efficiency and reduce production costs, but also be an inevitable requirement for the sustainable development of the gold industry.
This article will focus on the carbon slurry gold extraction equipment and equipment maintenance points to introduce, in order to provide opinions and guidance for enterprise equipment management.
The carbon slurry gold extraction equipment mainly includes stirring tank, adsorption tank, desorption electrolysis system, activated carbon regeneration equipment, etc. The gold extraction process is as follows: after the ore is crushed, ground, and leached by cyanide, the ore pulp containing the gold-cyanide complex enters the adsorption tank, where it is fully contacted with the activated carbon under stirring, and the gold-cyanide complex is adsorbed by the activated carbon; the gold-loaded carbon is separated by the screen and enters the desorption electrolysis system. Under high temperature, high pressure and specific reagents, the gold is desorbed from the activated carbon and deposited in the electrolytic cell; the activated carbon after desorption is recycled after regeneration. In the whole process, the coordinated operation and good performance of each equipment are the core to ensure the gold extraction rate.
The stirring shaft, impeller and bearing of the stirring tank are key mechanical components. The verticality and concentricity of the stirring shaft need to be checked regularly to prevent the impeller from being unbalanced due to the deflection of the shaft, which will aggravate the wear of the equipment. When the radial runout of the shaft exceeds 0.1mm, it needs to be corrected or replaced in time. The impeller needs to be checked for wear. When the blade has wear grooves with a depth of more than 3mm, it should be repaired or replaced by welding to avoid affecting the mixing effect of slurry and activated carbon due to the decrease in impeller efficiency. Bearings are worn parts and are lubricated with lithium-based grease. Grease is added every 500 hours of operation and replaced systematically after 3000 hours of operation. At the same time, the bearing clearance is checked. When the clearance exceeds the specified value, a new bearing is replaced in time to prevent the mixing system from stopping due to bearing failure.
The mixing tank is in contact with cyanide-containing slurry for a long time and is prone to corrosion. Lining rubber or polyurethane materials can be used for protection. The integrity of the lining should be checked regularly. If bulging or damage exceeds 0.1 square meters, it needs to be repaired or replaced in time. For the outside of the tank, anti-corrosion coating is sprayed once a year. Epoxy resin anti-corrosion coating is selected, and the coating thickness is controlled at 0.3-0.5mm, which effectively extends the service life of the mixing tank.
Screen maintenance: The screen in the adsorption tank is used to separate gold-loaded carbon from slurry, and its performance directly affects the loss rate of activated carbon. Use high-strength polyurethane screens, check the damage of the screens regularly, and replace them immediately when the screen holes expand by more than 20% of the original size or break. In daily operation, clean the accumulated materials on the screen once every shift to prevent blockage from affecting the screening effect. At the same time, by adjusting the tension of the screen, keep the screen tension at 8-12kN/m to ensure stable screening efficiency.
Maintenance of air mixing system: It is a device that provides power for full contact between slurry and activated carbon. For this equipment, the exhaust pressure of the air compressor needs to be checked regularly to ensure that it is stable at 0.4-0.6MPa. When the pressure fluctuation exceeds ±0.05MPa, check whether there is leakage or blockage in the air path. The air duct is cleaned internally once a quarter to remove rust and impurities in the duct to prevent clogging of the aeration head. The aeration head should be replaced every six months to avoid poor slurry mixing effect due to uneven aeration, which will affect the adsorption efficiency of gold.
Desorption column maintenance: It operates under high temperature and high pressure environment, and special attention should be paid to sealing performance and pressure resistance. The sealing gasket of the desorption column should be checked regularly and replaced every 1000 hours of operation to prevent leakage and cyanide pollution. Monitor the working pressure and temperature of the desorption column. When the pressure exceeds 1.5MPa or the temperature exceeds 180℃, stop the machine immediately to check the heating system and pressure control system to ensure the safe operation of the equipment. At the same time, the desorption column should be cleaned internally every six months, and a dilute hydrochloric acid solution (concentration 5%-10%) should be used for 2-3 hours of circulation cleaning to remove scale and impurities in the column and ensure the desorption effect.
Electrolyzer maintenance: The electrode plate is a key maintenance component, and the corrosion of the electrode plate should be checked regularly. When the thickness of the electrode plate decreases by more than 30% of the original thickness, it should be replaced in time. During the electrolysis process, strictly control the composition and concentration of the electrolyte, regularly test the concentration of sodium cyanide (maintained at 0.03%-0.08%) and sodium hydroxide (maintained at 0.05%-0.1%), and replenish the reagents in time. Clean the gold mud at the bottom of the electrolytic cell once a week to prevent the accumulation of gold mud from affecting the electrolysis efficiency. The cleaned gold mud is properly collected and subsequently refined.
Activation furnace maintenance: Activated carbon regeneration is achieved through high-temperature roasting, and attention should be paid to furnace temperature control and furnace body sealing. Use high-precision temperature sensors to monitor the temperature in the furnace to ensure that the regeneration temperature is stable at 800-900℃ and the temperature fluctuation range is controlled at ±10℃. Regularly check the refractory materials of the furnace body. When the refractory materials are peeled off and the crack width exceeds 5mm, they should be repaired or replaced in time to prevent heat loss and damage to the furnace body. At the same time, clean the flue of the activation furnace once a quarter to remove the accumulated ash and tar in the flue to ensure smooth flue gas discharge.
Cooling system maintenance: Activated carbon needs to be cooled quickly after regeneration, so it is important to ensure the normal operation of the cooling system. Check the unblocked condition of the cooling water pipeline and perform backwashing once a month to prevent scale blockage. Regularly check the flow and lift of the cooling water pump to ensure that the cooling water flow reaches 1.2-1.5 times the design requirements. Clean the cooling water tank every six months to remove the sediment in the water tank, keep the water clean, and prevent the cooling effect from being affected by water quality problems.
Operation monitoring and recording: A complete equipment operation monitoring system should be established, equipped with an online monitoring system, and real-time monitoring of the equipment's operating parameters, such as the speed of the stirring tank, the liquid level of the adsorption tank, the pressure and temperature of the desorption column, etc. The operator records the equipment operation data once an hour and handles abnormalities in a timely manner. Through the analysis of the operation data, equipment failures can be predicted in advance and preventive maintenance plans can be formulated.
Set up safety protection measures: Carbon slurry gold extraction equipment involves dangerous chemicals such as cyanide, and safety protection is essential. Obvious safety warning signs are set up around the equipment, and a complete ventilation system is equipped to ensure that the concentration of hydrogen cyanide in the workplace is lower than the national occupational exposure limit (1mg/m³). Operators must wear protective equipment such as gas masks and rubber gloves and undergo regular occupational health examinations. At the same time, a complete emergency plan is formulated, and emergency drills are organized every quarter to improve the ability to respond to emergencies.
The maintenance and maintenance of carbon slurry gold extraction equipment is a systematic and professional work, covering all components and operation links of the equipment. Through targeted maintenance of key equipment such as stirring tanks, adsorption tanks, desorption electrolysis systems, activated carbon regeneration equipment, combined with daily operation monitoring and safety protection measures, the reliability and stability of the equipment can be effectively improved, the efficiency of gold extraction can be improved, and production costs can be reduced, so as to achieve green, efficient and sustainable development of the gold industry.
Xinhai Minerals has more than 30 years of rich experience in gold ore dressing. It can not only provide gold ore dressing tests and gold ore dressing process design, but also provide a complete set of gold ore dressing equipment and post-operation management services. Xinhai has professional mineral processing technicians and rich experience in daily operation and maintenance of equipment. If you have any needs, please feel free to consult Xinhai Mining.
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